The Camera

Parallax -

the difference between the view of an object as seen through the picture-taking lens of a camera and the view as seen through a separate viewfinder.

Pentaprism-

a prism that has five faces, a pair of which are at 90° to each other; a ray entering one of the pair emerges from the other at an angle of 90° to its original direction: used especially in single-lens reflex cameras to reverse images laterally and reflect them to the viewfinder.

Pellicle- a thin, partially reflective coating, as on a beam splitter or pellicle mirror.  

Periscope-

an optical instrument for viewing objects that are above the level of direct sight or in an otherwise obstructed field of vision, consisting essentially of a tube with an arrangement of prisms or mirrors and, usually, lenses: used especially in submarines.

Aperture-

an opening, usually circular, that limits the quantity of light that can enter an optical instrument.

Shutter-

mechanical device for opening and closing the aperture of a camera lens to expose film or the like. 

Exposure- 

presentation to view, especially in an open or public manner

Depth of Field-   

the range of distances along the axis of an optical instrument, usually a camera lens, through which an object will produce a relatively distinct image. 

F-stop- 

the setting of an adjustable lens aperture, as indicated by an f number.

Focal Length- 

 the distance from a focal point of a lens or mirror to the corresponding principal plane.

Mode dial - Used to change the cameras mode.

Power Switch 

Flash Button 

Main Dial - used to change focus points, make Exposure Compensation adjustments, change ISO, and to control many more function.

Shutter Button - Used to take the picture.

Lens Release Button - Used to take the lens off.